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Applied Design, Skills, and Technologies 9
2016/17
Curriculum Applied Design, Skills, and Technologies Grade 9
PDF Grade-Set: k-9
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Big Ideas
Grandes idées
Social, ethical, and sustainability considerations impact design.
Complex tasks require the sequencing of skills.
Complex tasks require different technologies and tools at different stages.
Learning Standards
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Curricular Competencies
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Students are expected to be able to do the following:
Understanding context
- Engage in a period of researchand empathetic observationresearchseeking knowledge from other people as experts (e.g., First Peoples Elders), secondary sources, and collective pools of knowledge in communities and collaborative atmospheresin order to understand design opportunitiesempathetic observationaimed at understanding the values and beliefs of other cultures and the diverse motivations and needs of different people
Defining
Defining
setting parameters - Choose a design opportunity
- Identify potential users and relevant contextual factors
- Identify criteria for success, intended impact, and any constraintsconstraintslimiting factors such as task or user requirements, materials, expense, environmental impact, issues of appropriation, and knowledge that is considered sacred
Ideating
Ideating
forming ideas or concepts - Take creative risks in generating ideas and add to others’ ideas in ways that enhance them
- Screen ideas against criteria and constraints
- Critically analyze and prioritize competing factors, including social, ethical, and sustainability considerations, to meet community needs for preferred futures
- Choose an idea to pursue, keeping other potentially viable ideas open
Prototyping
- Identify and use sources of inspirationand informationsources of inspirationmay include experiences; traditional cultural knowledge and approaches, including those of First Peoples; places, including the land and its natural resources and analogous settings; and people, including users, experts, and thought leaders
- Choose a form for prototyping and develop a planthat includes key stages and resourcesplanfor example, pictorial drawings, sketches, flow charts
- Evaluate a variety of materials for effective use and potential for reuse, recycling, and biodegradability
- Prototype, making changes to tools, materials, and procedures as needed
- Record iterationsof prototypingiterationsrepetitions of a process with the aim of approaching a desired result
Testing
- Identify sources of feedbacksources of feedbackmay include peers; users; keepers of traditional cultural knowledge and approaches, including those of First Peoples; and other experts
- Develop an appropriate testof the prototypeappropriate testconsider conditions, number of trials
- Conduct the test, collect and compile data, evaluate data, and decide on changes
- Iterate the prototype or abandon the design idea
Making
- Identify and use appropriate tools, technologies, materials, and processes for productiontechnologiesthings that extend human capabilities
- Make a step-by-step plan for production and carry it out, making changes as needed
- Use materials in ways that minimize waste
Sharing
- Decide on how and with whom to sharetheir productsharemay include showing to others, use by others, giving away, or marketing and sellingand processesproductfor example, a physical product, a process, a system, a service, or a designed environment
- Demonstrate their product to potential users, providing a rationale for the selected solution, modifications, and procedures, using appropriate terminology
- Critically evaluate the success of their product, and explain how their design ideas contribute to the individual, family, community, and/or environment
- Critically reflect on their design thinking and processes, and evaluate their ability to work effectively both as individuals and collaboratively in a group, including their ability to share and maintain an efficient co-operative work space
- Identify new design issues
Demonstrate an awareness of precautionary and emergency safety procedures in both physical and digital environments
Identify the skills and skill levels needed, individually or as a group, in relation to specific projects, and develop and refine them as needed
Choose, adapt, and if necessary learn about appropriate tools and technologies to use for tasks
Evaluate the personal, social, and environmental impacts, including unintended negative consequences, of the choices they make about technology use
Evaluate how the land, natural resources, and culture influence the development and use of tools and technologies
Content
The curriculum is designed to be offered in modules or courses of various lengths. There are more Content learning standards for Grade 9, as schools often offer these as full courses. Schools are required to provide students with the equivalent of a full-year “course” in Applied Design, Skills, and Technologies. This “course” can be made up of one or more of the modules listed below. Schools may choose from among the modules provided in the provincial curriculum or develop new modules that use the Curricular Competencies of Applied Design, Skills, and Technologies 9 with locally developed content. Locally developed modules can be offered in addition to, or instead of, the modules in the provincial curriculum.
Students are expected to know the following:
Students are expected to know the following:
Drafting
- drafting technique, including dimensioning and standards
- drafting styles, including perspective, mechanical, and architectural
- CADD/CAMCADDcomputer-aided drafting and design, CNCCAMcomputer-aided manufacturingand 3D printingCNCcomputer numerical control
- function of models
- basiccodebasicfor example, for the purpose of editing to send to output devices
- digital output devicesoutput devicesfor example, plotters, vinyl cutters, and 3D printers; CNC machines
- virtual creationusing CAD/CAMvirtual creationfor example, layout and planning of a project, creating plans for a model
Electronics and Robotics
- uses of electronics and robotics
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componentsof an electric circuitcomponentspower source, conductor, load
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ways in which various electrical componentsaffect the path of electricityelectrical componentsfor example, diodes, LEDs, resistors, capacitors, transistors, ICs (integrated circuits), SCRs (silicon controlled rectifiers), regulators
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Ohm's lawOhm's lawdescribes how voltage, current, and resistance are related: V=IR
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platformsfor PCB (printed circuit board) productionplatformsfor example, VEX, VEX IQ, LEGO Mindstorms/NXT, Arduino, EasyC, RobotC, Scratch for Arduino
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basic robot behaviours using input/output devices, movement- and sensor-based responses, and microcontrollersinput/output devicesfor example, gyro sensors, bump, motion, sound, light, infrared
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mechanical devicesfor the transfer of mechanical energymechanical devicesfor example, gears, belts, pulleys, chains, sprockets, linear actuators, pneumatics, bearings, slides
- mechanical advantage and power efficiency, including friction, force, and torque
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robotics codingcodingfor example, G-code, C++, Sketch
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various platformsfor robotics programmingplatformsfor example, VEX, VEX IQ, LEGO Mindstorms/NXT, Arduino, EasyC, RobotC, Scratch for Arduino
Entrepreneurship and Marketing
- risks and benefits of entrepreneurship
- the role of social entrepreneurship in First Nations communities
- ways of decreasing production costs through training and technological advancement
- flow of goods and services from producers to consumers
- identificationof a good or service that ensures brand recognitionidentificationfor example, business name, slogan, logo
- marketing strategies using the 4 Ps: product, price, promotion, and placement
- market segmentation by demographic, geographicdemographicage, gender, occupation, and education of customers, psychographicgeographicsize and location of a market area, and purchasing patternpsychographicgeneral personality and lifestyle preferences of a customer basepurchasing patternbuying behaviour of customers
- evolving consumer needs and wants
- role of online technologies in expanding access to goods and services
- sources of financingfor a new venture or start-up businesssources of financingfor example, banks, private lending firms, crowdfunding, government grants
- measurementof financial success and failuremeasurementprofit, loss, asset, liability; financial documents to represent health of a business
Food Studies
- pathogenic microbesassociated with food-borne illnessespathogenic microbesfor example, salmonella, E. coli 0157:H7, staphylococcus
- components of food preparation, including use and adaptations of ingredients, techniques, and equipment
- health, economic, and environmental factorsthat influence availability and choice of food in personal, local, and global contextsfactorsfor example, global food systems, balanced eating/nutrition, food waste, food marketing, food trends, ethics
- ethical issuesrelated to food systemsethical issuesfor example, environment, conditions, rights of workers and animals
- First Peoples traditional food use, including ingredients, harvesting/gathering, storage, preparation, and preservation
Information and Communications Technologies
- text-based codingtext-based codingHTML, CSS, JavaScript
- binary representation of various data types, including text, sound, pictures, video
- drag-and-drop mobile developmentdrag-and-drop mobile developmentfor example, Vizwik
- programming modular componentsmodular componentsfor example, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, LEGO Mindstorms
- development and collaboration in a cloud-based environmentcloud-based environmentfor example, Cloud 9, GitHub
- design and function of networking hardware and topology, including wired and wireless network router types, switches, hubs, wireless transfer systems, and client-server relationshipswireless transfer systemsfor example, NFID, Bluetooth, mobile payments
- functions of operating systems, including mobile, open source, and proprietary systems
- current and future impactsof evolving web standards and cloud-based technologiesimpactspotential to support collaboration, sharing, and communication; data storage and privacy
- design for the webdesign for the webdigital creation and manipulation of videos and images for a web-based purpose
- strategies for curating and managing personal digital content, including management, personalization, organization, maintenance, contribution, creation, and publishing of digital content
- relationshipsbetween technology and social changerelationshipsfor example, local and global impacts of evolving communication and mobile devices, socio-economic digital divide, technology and gender, social media and social movements, social media and politics, inequality of access, technology and democracy, information as a commodity
- strategies to manage and maintain personal learning networks, including content consumption and creationpersonal learning networkspersonalized digital instructional tools to share and authenticate learningcontent consumption and creationweb forums, tutorials, videos, digital resources, listservs, global communities, group communication and etiquette, online learning, MOOCS, open courseware, broadcasting
- keyboarding techniqueskeyboarding techniquesfor example, physical hand and foot placement, posture, development of touch typing skills, use of “home row” ASDFJKL techniques
Media Arts
- digital and non-digitalmedia technologies, their distinguishing characteristics and usesdigital and non-digitalfor example video production, layout and design, graphics and images, photography (digital and traditional), new emerging media processes (performance art, collaborative work, sound art, network art, kinetic art, biotechnical art, robotic art, space art)
- techniques for organizing ideas to structure information and story through media conventionsconventionstraditional or culturally accepted ways of doing things based on audience expectations. Each media form has hundreds of conventions that have been built up over time and are widely accepted by audiences.
- media production skillsmedia production skillsediting and publishing to shape the technical and symbolic elements of images, sounds, and text
- standards-compliant technologystandards-compliant technologylayout conventions, mark-up language, current web standards, or other digital media compliance requirements ethical, moral, legal considerations and regulatory issues: for example, in relation to duplication, copyright, appropriation, and ownership of rights
- ethical, moral, legal considerations and regulatory issuesethical, moral, legal considerations and regulatory issuesfor example, in relation to duplication, copyright, appropriation, and ownership of rights
- technical and symbolic elements that can be used in storytelling
- specific features and purposes of media artworks from the present and the past to explore viewpoints, including those of First Peoples
- specific purposes of media use in the social advocacy of First Peoples in Canada
- influences of digital media in society
Metalwork
- basic metallurgybasic metallurgyidentification, characteristics, and properties of different metals, and characteristics of metal in a variety of formats and gauges
- range of usesof metalworkusesfor example, art metal, jewellery, stained glass, tools, sheet metal boxes, medieval armour
- weldingweldingfor example, arc, oxygen-acetylene, and MIG welding
- fabrication techniques and processesusing hand toolstechniques and processesfor example, plasma and gas cutting, machining (turning, milling, forming, knurling), boringand stationary equipmenthand toolsfor example, wrench, socket, ratchet, ignition tools, hammer, chisel, punch, extractor, HeliCoil, ring compressor/expander, honing tool, hand valve grinding toolstationary equipmentfor example, sandblaster, band saw, drill press, grinder, sander, buffing wheel, lathe, horizontal band saw, Beverly shear, Whitney punch, benders, hydraulic press, spincaster, forge
- foundry processes, including creating patterns and moulds, and castingcastingfor example, lost wax casting, sand casting, investment casting, spin casting
- recycling and repurposing of materials
Power Technology
- energy transmission and applications
- efficiency, including energy loss in the form of thermal energy
- thermodynamicsthermodynamicsrelationship between heat and other forms of energy
- types of fuels and methods of converting fuels to mechanical energy
- alternative energy sources
- small engine systemssmall engine systemsfor example, ignition, fuel system, combustion cycle
- mechanical measurement devicesmechanical measurement devicesfor example, torque wrench, feeler gauge, telescopic, micrometer, Vernier caliper, Plastigauge
- power technology hand toolshand toolsfor example, wrench, socket, ratchet, ignition tools, hammer, chisel, punch, extractor, HeliCoil, ring compressor/expander, honing tool, hand valve grinding tool
- effects of forceson devicesforcesfor example, tension, torsion, torque, shear, bending, compression
- manuals as information sources
Textiles
- natural and manufactured fibres, including their origins, characteristics, uses, and care
- strategies for using and modifying simple patterns
- elements of design used in the design of a textile item
- social factors that influence textile choices and the impact of those choices on local communities
- role of textiles in First Peoples cultures
Woodwork
- importance of woodwork in historical and cultural contexts, locally and throughout Canada
- identification, characteristics, properties, and uses of wood from various tree species
- techniques for adjusting plans and drawings
- woodworking techniquesand traditionaltechniquesfor example, shaping, laminating, turning, abrasives, adhesives, finishingand non-traditionaltraditionalfor example, box joint, splined mitre, lapped jointjoinery using a variety of tools and equipment, including stationary power equipmentnon-traditionalfor example, biscuits, bradsstationary power equipmentfor example, jointer, planer, lathe, router table, table saw, chop saw, band saw, thickness sander, disc/belt sander, spindle sander, mortise machine, drill press, scroll saw
- the relationship between First Peoples culturally modified trees and the sustainable use of wood
- issuesin the sustainable use of woodissuesrate of harvest; effects of logging and replanting on ecosystems
Note: Some of the learning standards in the PHE curriculum address topics that some students and their parents or guardians may feel more comfortable addressing at home. Refer to ministry policy regarding opting for alternative delivery.