Subject
Grade
Concept/Content
processes of rock formation:
- igneous
- sedimentary
- metamorphic
Elaboration
- Bowen’s reaction series
- relationships between texture and rate of crystallization in extrusive (volcanic) and intrusive (plutonic) igneous rocks (e.g., cooling rate, flow behaviour)
- classification of igneous rocks according to texture (e.g., vesicular, glassy) and composition (e.g., felsic, intermediate, mafic)
- properties of common igneous rocks (e.g., granite, andesite, tuff, rhyolite, basalt, obsidian, pumice, porphyry)
- volcanic and intrusive features (e.g., lava, pyroclastic flow, batholiths, sills, dikes)
- clastic sediments and chemical (precipitate or biochemical) sediments, and the rocks they become
- relationships between depositional environments and particle size, shape, sorting, fossils, and organic structures
- properties of common sedimentary rocks (e.g., conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, chert, coal)
- sedimentary features (e.g., stratification, cross bedding, ripple marks, graded bedding, varves)
- sedimentary features that affect porosity and permeability
- relationships between the types and characteristics of metamorphic rocks and parent rock, temperature, pressure, and chemical conditions
- properties of common metamorphic rocks (e.g., slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss, marble)
- foliated and non-foliated rocks
- contact versus regional metamorphism
- metamorphic grade (e.g., with reference to coal)
keywords
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic