| Big Ideas |
Acid or base strength depends on the degree of ion dissociation. |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: Acid or base strength |
Elaboration: Sample questions to support inquiry with students:How are the concepts of acid/base strength and acid/base concentration different?How can acid/base dissociation be measured?How are acid and base systems in equilibrium?How are aquatic ecosystems affected by changes in pH? |
|
| Big Ideas |
Saturated solutions are systems in equilibrium. |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: Saturated solutions |
Elaboration: Sample questions to support inquiry with students:How is the solubility constant useful in studying chemical processes?How can ions (e.g., calcium, magnesium) be removed from hard water? |
|
| Big Ideas |
Dynamic equilibrium can be shifted by changes to the surrounding conditions. |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: Dynamic equilibrium |
Elaboration: Sample question to support inquiry with students:What are the conditions that can affect equilibrium? |
|
| Big Ideas |
Reactants must collide to react, and the reaction rate is dependent on the surrounding conditions. |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: reaction rate |
Elaboration: Sample questions to support inquiry with students:What factors influence the way reactant molecules, atoms, and ions collide?How does collision theory explain reaction rate? |
|
| Content |
quantitative relationships |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: quantitative relationships |
Elaboration: quantitative problems using relationships between variables such as:in equilibrium systems (e.g., Keq, initial concentrations, equilibrium concentrations)in solutions (e.g., Ksp, prediction of precipitate formation, calculating the maximum allowable concentration)in water as an equilibrium system (e.g., Kw, [H3O+] or [OH-], pH and pOH)in acid-base systems (e.g., Kaa, Kb, [H3O+], [OH-], pH and pOH)in a titration (e.g., pH of a solution, Ka of an indicator)pH in hydrolysis of ions in salt solutionsin a redox titration (e.g., grams, moles, molarity)in an electrochemical cell (e.g., E0) |
|
| Content |
electrolytic cells |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: electrolytic cells |
Elaboration: half-reactions, minimum voltage to operate, applications including metal refining (e.g. zinc, aluminum), preventing metal corrosion (cathodic protection) |
|
| Content |
electrochemical cells |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: electrochemical cells |
Elaboration: half-reactions, cell voltage (E0), applications (e.g., lead-acid storage batteries, alkali cells, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells) |
|
| Content |
the oxidation-reduction process |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: the oxidation-reduction process |
Elaboration: oxidation numberbalancing redox reactions |
|
| Content |
applications of acid-base reactions |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: applications of acid-base reactions |
Elaboration: non-metal and metal oxides in water and associated environmental impactsbuffers |
|
| Content |
hydrolysis of ions in salt solutions |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: hydrolysis of ions in salt solutions |
Elaboration: acidic, basic, or neutral salt solutionsamphiprotic ions |
|
| Content |
titration |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: titration |
Elaboration: the method to find an equivalence point:strong acid–strong base titrationweak acid–strong base titrationstrong acid–weak base titration |
|
| Content |
weak acids and weak bases |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: weak acids and weak bases |
Elaboration: equilibrium systems |
|
| Content |
water as an equilibrium system |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
|
| Content |
relative strength of acids and bases in solution |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: relative strength |
Elaboration: electrical conductivitytable of relative acid strengthequations of strong and weak acids and bases in water |
|
| Content |
saturated solutions and solubility product (Ksp) |
Chemistry 12 |
No CCG |
| Keyword: solubility product |
Elaboration: Ksp as a specialized Keq expression |
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