• analyse de mesures et discussion des valeurs aberrantes
• calcul de la moyenne, de la médiane, du mode et de l’étendue

stylistic choices that make a specific writer distinguishable from others, including diction, vocabulary, sentence structure, and tone

avoiding common usage errors (e.g., double negatives, mixed metaphors, malapropisms, and word misuse)

common practices of standard punctuation in capitalization, quoting, and spelling of Canadian and First Peoples words

formal acknowledgements of another person’s work, idea, or intellectual property

Texts use various literary devices, including figurative language, according to purpose and audience.

There are many strategies that readers use when making sense of text. Students consider what strategies they need to use to “unpack” text. They employ strategies with increasing independence depending on the purpose, text, and context. Strategies include but may not be limited to predicting, inferring, questioning, paraphrasing, using context clues, using text features, visualizing, making connections, summarizing, identifying big ideas, synthesizing, and reflecting.

There are various writing processes, depending on context. These may include determining audience and purpose, generating or gathering ideas, free-writing, making notes, drafting, revising, and/or editing. Writers often have very personalized processes when writing. Writing is an iterative process.

includes speaking with expression, connecting with listeners, asking questions to clarify, listening for specifics, summarizing, paraphrasing

attributes or elements of the text such as typography (bold, italics, underlining, font choice), guide words, key words, titles, diagrams, captions, labels, maps, charts, illustrations, tables, photographs, and sidebars/text boxes

how text is organized

for example, circular, iterative, cyclical

the intended purpose of a text

• Protocols are rules governing behaviour or interactions.
• Protocols can be general and apply to many First Peoples cultures, or specific to individual First Nations.

Stories often have protocols for when and where they can be shared, who owns them, and who can share them.