any type of oral, written, visual, or digital expression or communication:

• Visual texts include gestural and spatial components (as in dance) as well as images (some examples are posters, photographs, paintings, carvings, poles, textiles, regalia, and masks).
• Digital texts include electronic forms of oral, written, and visual expression.
• Multimodal texts include any combination of oral, written, visual, and/or digital elements and can be delivered via different media or technologies (some examples are dramatic presentations, web pages, music videos, online presentations, graphic novels, and close-captioned films).

a narrative text that shares ideas about human nature, motivation, behaviour, and experience. Stories can record history, reflect a personal journey, or explore identity. Stories can be oral, written, or visual, and used to instruct, inspire, and/or entertain listeners and readers.

“Text” and “texts” are generic terms referring to all forms of oral, written, visual, or digital communication:

• Oral texts include speeches, poems, plays, oral stories, and songs.
• Written texts include novels, articles, and short stories.
• Visual texts include posters, photographs, and other images.
• Digital texts include electronic forms of all of the above.
• Oral, written, and visual elements can be combined (e.g., in dramatic presentations, graphic novels, films, web pages, advertisements).

narrative texts, whether real or imagined, that teach us about human nature, motivation, behaviour, and experience, and often reflect a personal journey or strengthen a sense of identity. They may also be considered the embodiment of collective wisdom. Stories can be oral, written, or visual and used to instruct, inspire, and entertain listeners and readers.

takes personal responsibility and behaves ethically and cautiously when using technology